/* * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009 * The President and Fellows of Harvard College. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE UNIVERSITY AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <errno.h> #include <err.h> /* * ls - list files. * Usage: ls [-adlRs] [files] * -a Show files whose names begin with a dot. * -d Don't list contents of directories specified on the command line. * -l Long format listing. * -R Recurse into subdirectories found. * -s (with -l) Show block counts. */ /* Flags for which options we're using. */ static int aopt=0; static int dopt=0; static int lopt=0; static int Ropt=0; static int sopt=0; /* Process an option character. */ static void option(int ch) { switch (ch) { case 'a': aopt=1; break; case 'd': dopt=1; break; case 'l': lopt=1; break; case 'R': Ropt=1; break; case 's': sopt=1; break; default: errx(1, "Unknown option -%c", ch); } } /* * Utility function to find the non-directory part of a pathname. */ static const char * basename(const char *path) { const char *s; s = strrchr(path, '/'); if (s) { return s+1; } return path; } /* * Utility function to check if a name refers to a directory. */ static int isdir(const char *path) { struct stat buf; int fd; /* Assume stat() may not be implemented; use fstat */ fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd<0) { err(1, "%s", path); } if (fstat(fd, &buf)<0) { err(1, "%s: fstat", path); } close(fd); return S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode); } /* * When listing one of several subdirectories, show the name of the * directory. */ static void printheader(const char *file) { /* No blank line before the first header */ static int first=1; if (first) { first = 0; } else { printf("\n"); } printf("%s:\n", file); } /* * Show a single file. * We don't do the neat multicolumn listing that Unix ls does. */ static void print(const char *path) { struct stat statbuf; const char *file; int typech; if (lopt || sopt) { int fd; fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd<0) { err(1, "%s", path); } if (fstat(fd, &statbuf)<0) { err(1, "%s: fstat", path); } close(fd); } file = basename(path); if (sopt) { printf("%3d ", statbuf.st_blocks); } if (lopt) { if (S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) { typech = '-'; } else if (S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) { typech = 'd'; } else if (S_ISLNK(statbuf.st_mode)) { typech = 'l'; } else if (S_ISCHR(statbuf.st_mode)) { typech = 'c'; } else if (S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode)) { typech = 'b'; } else { typech = '?'; } printf("%crwx------ %2d root %-8llu", typech, statbuf.st_nlink, statbuf.st_size); } printf("%s\n", file); } /* * List a directory. */ static void listdir(const char *path, int showheader) { int fd; char buf[1024]; char newpath[1024]; ssize_t len; if (showheader) { printheader(path); } /* * Open it. */ fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd<0) { err(1, "%s", path); } /* * List the directory. */ while ((len = getdirentry(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1)) > 0) { buf[len] = 0; /* Assemble the full name of the new item */ snprintf(newpath, sizeof(newpath), "%s/%s", path, buf); if (aopt || buf[0]!='.') { /* Print it */ print(newpath); } } if (len<0) { err(1, "%s: getdirentry", path); } /* Done */ close(fd); } static void recursedir(const char *path) { int fd; char buf[1024]; char newpath[1024]; int len; /* * Open it. */ fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd<0) { err(1, "%s", path); } /* * List the directory. */ while ((len = getdirentry(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1)) > 0) { buf[len] = 0; /* Assemble the full name of the new item */ snprintf(newpath, sizeof(newpath), "%s/%s", path, buf); if (!aopt && buf[0]=='.') { /* skip this one */ continue; } if (!strcmp(buf, ".") || !strcmp(buf, "..")) { /* always skip these */ continue; } if (!isdir(newpath)) { continue; } listdir(newpath, 1 /*showheader*/); if (Ropt) { recursedir(newpath); } } if (len<0) { err(1, "%s", path); } close(fd); } static void listitem(const char *path, int showheader) { if (!dopt && isdir(path)) { listdir(path, showheader || Ropt); if (Ropt) { recursedir(path); } } else { print(path); } } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i,j, items=0; /* * Go through the arguments and count how many non-option args. */ for (i=1; i<argc; i++) { if (argv[i][0]!='-') { items++; } } /* * Now go through the options for real, processing them. */ for (i=1; i<argc; i++) { if (argv[i][0]=='-') { /* * This word is an option. * Process all the option characters in it. */ for (j=1; argv[i][j]; j++) { option(argv[i][j]); } } else { /* * This word isn't an option; list it. */ listitem(argv[i], items>1); } } /* * If no filenames were specified to list, list the current * directory. */ if (items==0) { listitem(".", 0); } return 0; }